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Like other right pyramids with a regular polygon as a base, a right square pyramid has pyramidal symmetry. For the square pyramid, this is the symmetry of cyclic group: the pyramid is left invariant by rotations of one-, two-, and three-quarters of a full turn around its axis of symmetry, the line connecting the apex to the center of the base ...
The axis of symmetry of a two-dimensional figure is a line such that, if a perpendicular is constructed, any two points lying on the perpendicular at equal distances from the axis of symmetry are identical. Another way to think about it is that if the shape were to be folded in half over the axis, the two halves would be identical as mirror ...
An object has reflectional symmetry (line or mirror symmetry) if there is a line (or in 3D a plane) going through it which divides it into two pieces that are mirror images of each other. [6] An object has rotational symmetry if the object can be rotated about a fixed point (or in 3D about a line) without changing the overall shape. [7]
Baseball diamonds [46] and modern boxing rings are square despite being named for other shapes. [47] The square go board is said to represent the earth, with the 361 crossings of its lines representing days of the year. [48] The chessboard inherited its square shape from a pachisi-like Indian race game and in turn passed it on to checkers. [49]
All even-sided polygons have two simple reflective forms, one with lines of reflections through vertices, and one through edges. For an arbitrary shape, the axiality of the shape measures how close it is to being bilaterally symmetric. It equals 1 for shapes with reflection symmetry, and between two-thirds and 1 for any convex shape.
Any non-self-crossing quadrilateral that has an axis of symmetry must be either a kite, with a diagonal axis of symmetry; or an isosceles trapezoid, with an axis of symmetry through the midpoints of two sides. These include as special cases the rhombus and the rectangle respectively, and the square, which is a special case of both. [1]
It has two lines of reflectional symmetry and rotational symmetry of order 2 (through 180°). Other rectangles A saddle rectangle has 4 nonplanar vertices, alternated from vertices of a rectangular cuboid , with a unique minimal surface interior defined as a linear combination of the four vertices, creating a saddle surface.
The sum of the perpendiculars from a regular n-gon's vertices to any line tangent to the circumcircle equals n times the circumradius. [4]: p. 73 The sum of the squared distances from the vertices of a regular n-gon to any point on its circumcircle equals 2nR 2 where R is the circumradius. [4]: p. 73