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See also: the {{}} template. The #if function selects one of two alternatives based on the truth value of a test string. {{#if: test string | value if true | value if false}} As explained above, a string is considered true if it contains at least one non-whitespace character.
Radius matching: all matches within a particular radius are used -- and reused between treatment units. Kernel matching: same as radius matching, except control observations are weighted as a function of the distance between the treatment observation's propensity score and control match propensity score. One example is the Epanechnikov kernel.
Different approximate matchers impose different constraints. Some matchers use a single global unweighted cost, that is, the total number of primitive operations necessary to convert the match to the pattern. For example, if the pattern is coil, foil differs by one substitution, coils by one insertion, oil by one deletion, and foal by two ...
Multiple comparisons arise when a statistical analysis involves multiple simultaneous statistical tests, each of which has a potential to produce a "discovery". A stated confidence level generally applies only to each test considered individually, but often it is desirable to have a confidence level for the whole family of simultaneous tests. [ 4 ]
A valuation multiple [1] is simply an expression of market value of an asset relative to a key statistic that is assumed to relate to that value. To be useful, that statistic – whether earnings, cash flow or some other measure – must bear a logical relationship to the market value observed; to be seen, in fact, as the driver of that market value.
The simplest kind of record linkage, called deterministic or rules-based record linkage, generates links based on the number of individual identifiers that match among the available data sets. [10] Two records are said to match via a deterministic record linkage procedure if all or some identifiers (above a certain threshold) are identical.
The match/mismatch hypothesis (MMH) was first described by David Cushing. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The MMH "seeks to explain recruitment variation in a population by means of the relation between its phenology —the timing of seasonal activities such as flowering or breeding —and that of species at the immediate lower level". [ 3 ]
A recent review by McDowell reveals that Herrnstein's original equation fails to accurately describe concurrent-schedule data under a substantial range of conditions. Three deviations from matching have been observed: undermatching, overmatching, and bias. Undermatching means that the response proportions are less extreme than the law predicts.