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static is a reserved word in many programming languages to modify a declaration. The effect of the keyword varies depending on the details of the specific programming language, most commonly used to modify the lifetime (as a static variable) and visibility (depending on linkage), or to specify a class member instead of an instance member in classes.
Any call to a class (static or constructor call), triggers the static constructor execution. Static constructors are thread safe and implement a singleton pattern. When used in a generic programming class, static constructors are called at every new generic instantiation one per type. [8]: 38 [4]: 111 Static variables are instantiated as well.
Class methods are bound to the class instead of to a specific instance, and can only operate on class fields. Classes and interfaces declared as static members of another class or interface are behaviorally top-level classes. [18] super Inheritance basically used to achieve dynamic binding or run-time polymorphism in java.
According to Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software: "Define an interface for creating an object, but let subclasses decide which class to instantiate. Factory method lets a class defer instantiation to subclasses." [2] Creating an object often requires complex processes not appropriate to include within a composing object.
2.7 Java. 2.8 JavaScript. 2.9 PHP. 2.10 Python. ... The following is an example of a class with lazy initialization implemented in ... class Test {public static ...
A singleton implementation may use lazy initialization in which the instance is created when the static method is first invoked. In multithreaded programs, this can cause race conditions that result in the creation of multiple instances. The following Java 5+ example [6] is a thread-safe implementation, using lazy initialization with double ...
Starting with Java 8, default [1]: 99 and static [1]: 7 methods may have implementation in the interface definition. [2] Then, in Java 9, private and private static methods were added. At present, a Java interface can have up to six different types. Interfaces cannot be instantiated, but rather are implemented.
In Java there are four types of nested class: Static. Static member class, also called static nested classes [1] – They are declared static. Like other things in static scope (i.e. static methods), they do not have an enclosing instance, and cannot access instance variables and methods of the enclosing class.