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Newborns present with bilious or non-bilous vomiting (depending on where in the duodenum the obstruction is) within the first 24 to 48 hours after birth, typically after their first oral feeding. Radiography shows a distended stomach and distended duodenum, which are separated by the pyloric valve, a finding described as the double-bubble sign.
Symptoms include projectile vomiting without the presence of bile. [1] This most often occurs after the baby is fed. [1] The typical age that symptoms become obvious is two to twelve weeks old. [1] The cause of pyloric stenosis is unclear. [2] Risk factors in babies include birth by cesarean section, preterm birth, bottle feeding, and being ...
The most prominent symptom of intestinal atresia is bilious vomiting soon after birth. [1] This is most common in jejunal atresia. [2] Other features include abdominal distension and failure to pass meconium. The distension is more generalised the further down the bowel the atresia is located and is thus most prominent with ileal atresia.
Most (>95%) infants with biliary atresia will undergo an operation designed to retain and salvage the native liver, restore bile flow, and reduce the level of jaundice. This is known as the Kasai procedure (after Morio Kasai, the Japanese surgeon who first developed the technique) or hepatoportoenterostomy. Although the procedure is not thought ...
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Hirschsprung's disease (HD or HSCR) is a birth defect in which nerves are missing from parts of the intestine. [1] [3] The most prominent symptom is constipation. [1] Other symptoms may include vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea and slow growth. [1] Most children develop signs and symptoms shortly after birth.
Patients with chronic, uncorrected or undiagnosed malrotation can have recurrent abdominal pain and vomiting. Malrotation may be asymptomatic. [2] Postnatal presentation occurs with indistinct symptoms which can include abdominal migraine or pain, recurrent vomiting, failure to thrive, weight loss and other non-specific gastrointestinal issues. [1]
The neonatal bowel obstruction is suspected based on polyhydramnios in utero, bilious vomiting, failure to pass meconium in the first day of life, and abdominal distension. [3] The presentations of NBO may vary. [4]