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Mumin denotes a person who has complete submission to the will of God and has faith firmly established in his heart, i.e. a "faithful Muslim". [1] Also, it is used as a name and one of the names of God. [1] The opposite term of iman (faith) is kufr (disbelief), and the opposite of mumin is kafir (disbeliever). [2] [3] [4] The Quran states: O ...
There is an ongoing conflict between Muslims of different sects, most commonly Shias and Sunnis, although the fighting extends to smaller, more specific branches within these sects, as well as Sufism. It has been documented as having gone on from Islam's beginnings up until contemporary times. [citation needed]
The culture of education for women was established by the time of the revolution so that even after the revolution, large numbers of women entered civil service and higher education, [51] After the 1989 Iranian constitutional referendum, changes resulted in an improvement in the lives and opportunities of women. [52]
Other Muslim-majority states with notably more women university students than men include Kuwait, where 41% of females attend university compared with 18% of males; [150] Bahrain, where the ratio of women to men in tertiary education is 2.18:1; [150] Brunei Darussalam, where 33% of women enroll at university vis à vis 18% of men; [150] Tunisia ...
In early Muslim history, examples of notable female Muslims who fought during the Muslim conquests and Fitna (civil wars) as soldiers or generals included Nusaybah Bint k’ab Al Maziniyyah, [31] Aisha, [32] Kahula and Wafeira, [33] and Um Umarah. Sabat M. Islambouli (1867-1941) was one of the first Syrian female physicians. [34] She was a ...
Conflict and Conquest in the Islamic World: A Historical Encyclopedia is a two-volume encyclopedia covering the military and political history of Islam, edited by Alexander Mikaberidze and published in 2011. The encyclopedia contains more than 600 entries from dozens of contributors, as well as a glossary, maps and photographs. [1]
Since the mid-nineteenth century, Muslim women and men have been critical of restrictions placed on women regarding education, seclusion, veiling, polygyny, slavery, and concubinage. Modern Muslims have questioned these practices and advocated for reform. [1] There is an ongoing debate about the status of women in Islam.
As Islam spread, it became unusual for women to worship in mosques because of male fear of immorality between sexes. [52] Sometimes a special part of the mosque was railed off for women. For example, the governor of Mecca in 870 had ropes tied between the columns to make a separate place for women. [53]