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Bevacizumab, sold under the brand name Avastin among others, is a monoclonal antibody medication used to treat a number of types of cancers and a specific eye disease. [30] [28] For cancer, it is given by slow injection into a vein (intravenous) and used for colon cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, glioblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and renal-cell carcinoma. [31]
It is approved for the use in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Bevacizumab targets circulating VEGF ligand. It is approved for use in the treatment of colon cancer, breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and is investigational in the treatment of sarcoma. Its use for the treatment of brain tumors has been recommended. [29]
The majority of drugs used in cancer chemotherapy are cytostatic, many via cytotoxicity. A fundamental philosophy of medical oncology , including combination chemotherapy, is that different drugs work through different mechanisms, and that the results of using multiple drugs will be synergistic to some extent.
There are a few possible causes of resistance in cancer, one of which is the presence of small pumps on the surface of cancer cells that actively move chemotherapy from inside the cell to the outside. Cancer cells produce high amounts of these pumps, known as p-glycoprotein, in order to protect themselves from chemotherapeutics. Research on p ...
[10] [4] These cells do not function well and crowd out healthy blood cells. [2] CLL is divided into two main types: Slow-growing CLL (indolent CLL) Fast-growing CLL [11] Many people do not have any symptoms when they are first diagnosed. [8] [2] Those with symptoms (about 5-10% of patients with CLL) may experience the following: Fevers ...
Off-label use of intravitreal bevacizumab has become a widespread treatment for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. [11] Although the drug is not FDA-approved for non-oncologic uses, some studies [which?] suggest that bevacizumab is effective in increasing visual acuity with low rates of ocular adverse effects. However, due to small ...
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