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In contrast, circadian rhythms complete one cycle daily, while infradian rhythms such as the menstrual cycle have periods longer than a day. The Oxford English Dictionary's definition of Ultradian specifies that it refers to cycles with a period shorter than a day but longer than an hour. [1]
Empirically, it is an ultradian rhythm of approximately 90 minutes (80–120 minutes [2]) characterized by different levels of excitement and rest. The cycle is mediated by the human biological clock .
Kleitman and others following have referred to this rhythm as the basic rest–activity cycle, of which the "sleep cycle" would be a manifestation. [ 14 ] [ 19 ] A difficulty for this theory is the fact that a long non-REM phase almost always precedes REM, regardless of when in the cycle a person falls asleep.
"The word 'siesta' comes from the Latin 'sexta,' meaning the sixth hour after someone wakes up," says Dr ... but a siesta is particularly effective because it aligns with natural circadian rhythms ...
The best studied rhythm in chronobiology is the circadian rhythm, a roughly 24-hour cycle shown by physiological processes in all these organisms. The term circadian comes from the Latin circa, meaning "around" and dies, "day", meaning "approximately a day." It is regulated by circadian clocks.
A zeitgeber (/ ˈ (t) s aɪ t ɡ eɪ b ər, ˈ z aɪ t-/ (T)SYTE-gay-bər, ZYTE-, German: [ˈtsaɪtˌɡeːbɐ]) is any external or environmental cue that entrains or synchronizes an organism's biological rhythms, usually naturally occurring and serving to entrain to the Earth's 24-hour light/dark and 12-month cycles.
The oldest quantitative laws in psychology are Weber's law, which states that the smallest noticeable difference in stimulus intensity is proportional to the intensity of the reference; and Fechner's law, which quantifies the relationship between the intensity of the physical stimulus and its perceptual counterpart (e.g., testing how much ...
These variants occur near genes known to be important in photoreception and circadian rhythms. [37] The variant most strongly associated with chronotype occurs near RGS16, which is a regulator of G-protein signalling and has a known role in circadian rhythms. In mice, gene ablation of Rgs16 lengthens the circadian period of behavioural rhythm.