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Because of being an island, Sri Lanka has many endemic freshwater fauna, as well as thousands of marine and brackish water fauna. [1] Fishing is the way of life of most of coastal community. So, the marine fish fauna gives a greater commercial value to the country's economy, as well as well being of the coastal people. [2]
Sri Lankan freshwater habitats can be divided into 6 major types - river, stream, lake, pond, villu and paddy field - according to size, depth, rate of flow and type of bottom. Medium-sized rivers are called Oya and fast flowing streams torrential streams are called Dola in Sinhalese. The following list provide the freshwater fauna of Sri Lanka.
The low salinity and high osmotic pressure makes them so different. Few fish can be found in all three ecological systems. There are 95 species of freshwater fish occur in the country, where 53 of those are endemic. 41% of all known species of fish of Sri Lanka are found in freshwater. There are about 70% of endemism of those fish.
Sri Lanka is known to be home to 794 species of Hemipterans. Detailed work of Sri Lankan hemipterans are recorded in the book Catalogue of Hemiptera of Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka comprises 74 species in 46 genera and 6 families of aphids within the order Hemiptera. 2 endemic aphid species are found on Sri Lanka
Mystus ankutta, also known as the Sri Lanka dwarf catfish or yellow dwarf catfish, is a species of catfish of the family Bagridae that is endemic to Sri Lanka. [1] [2] [3] In the wild it is found in freshwater bodies from Kelani river to Nilwala river in Sri Lanka. [2] It grows to a length of 7.9 cm. [2] This fish is classified as endangered by ...
Since Sri Lanka was ruled by the Portuguese, Dutch, and British. At various junctures, these nations introduced a number of exotic species, which included mammals , plants , birds , and fish. After Sri Lanka secured its independence , the introductions continued unabated, and the breeding of exotic aquarium fish for export became popular.
Gyrinops walla [2] is a species of plant in the family Thymelaeaceae. It was described by Joseph Gaertner. The tree grows up to 15m high. Its bark is thin and brownish-grey color. Leaves are 1-6mm long and yellowish-white flower's pedicels are 3-4mm long. [3] Gyrinops walla is found in wet zone of Sri Lanka and very rarely
The garden includes more than 4000 species of plants, including orchids, spices, medicinal plants and palm trees. [3] Attached to it is the " National Herbarium of Sri Lanka ". The total area of the botanical garden is 147 acres (0.59 km 2 ), at 460 meters above sea level, and with a 200-day annual rainfall.