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Brownies in this style are now known as "blondies", derived from the term "blond brownies", which appeared in the mid-1900s. [6] In 1899, the first-known recipe was published in Machias Cookbook. They were called "Brownie's Food". The recipe appears on page 23 in the cake section of the book. Marie Kelley from Whitewater, Wisconsin, created the ...
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Gluten-free baking mixes may be prepared using rice flour in place of wheat flour. [3] [10] Dry baking mixes typically require the addition of water or milk, and may also require additional ingredients such as eggs, butter and cooking oil. Commercially, the market is divided into dough mixes, complete mixes, and concentrates. [11]
Acidified buttermilk is a substitute made by adding a food-grade acid, such as white vinegar or lemon juice, to milk. [11] It can be produced by mixing 1 tablespoon (0.5 US fluid ounces, 15 ml) of acid with 1 cup (8 US fluid ounces, 240 ml) of milk and letting it sit until it curdles after about 10 minutes.
This includes casein, caseinates, whey products (including whey butter and whey cream), cultured milk products (including yogurt, sour cream and cultured buttermilk), ultrafiltered milk, milk protein concentrate, milk serum proteins and fats.
Cocoa butter is 46% to 57% of the weight of cocoa beans and gives chocolate its characteristic melting properties. Cocoa powder is the powdered form of the dry solids with a small remaining amount of cocoa butter. Untreated cocoa powder is bitter and acidic. Dutch process cocoa has been treated with an alkali to neutralize the acid.
Commercial butter is about 80% butterfat and 15% water; traditionally-made butter may have as little as 65% fat and 30% water. Butterfat is a mixture of triglyceride , a triester derived from glycerol , and three of any of several fatty acid groups. [ 16 ]
Originally, the term "brownie" did not refer exclusively to chocolate brownies, but also included blondies. [1] There is not total agreement on when the first "brownie", generally speaking, was invented, [2] but the earliest known recipe general brownie recipe to be recorded was a recipe by Fannie Farmer in 1896, [2] based on molasses. [3]