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Open-pit mining, also known as open-cast or open-cut mining and in larger contexts mega-mining, [1] is a surface mining technique that extracts rock or minerals from the earth. Open-pit mines are used when deposits of commercially useful ore or rocks are found near the surface where the overburden is relatively thin. In contrast, deeper mineral ...
Fort Knox mine – gold mine in the Fairbanks mining district of Alaska; Hull–Rust–Mahoning Open Pit Iron Mine – largest open pit iron mine in the world, near Hibbing, Minnesota [7] Lavender Pit – copper mine in Cochise County, Arizona; Morenci Mine – copper mine in Greenlee County, Arizona; Mountain Iron Mine – iron mine in ...
Shaft mining or shaft sinking is the action of excavating a mine shaft from the top down, where there is initially no access to the bottom. [1] Shallow shafts , typically sunk for civil engineering projects, differ greatly in execution method from deep shafts, typically sunk for mining projects.
The Siilinjärvi carbonatite complex, [1] an open-pit mine owned by Yara International, in Siilinjärvi, Finland Coal strip mine in Wyoming. Surface mining, including strip mining, open-pit mining and mountaintop removal mining, is a broad category of mining in which soil and rock overlying the mineral deposit (the overburden) are removed, in contrast to underground mining, in which the ...
In 1975, open cast mining was stopped. During the years the underground mine has been made gradually deeper. The so-called Olli Shaft was completed in 1985, making the mine 730 metres (2,400 ft) deep. New ore was discovered yet deeper, and a depth of 1,050 metres (3,440 ft) was reached in 1996. Later a new shaft, called Timo Shaft was built to ...
LaRonde's Penna shaft (#3 shaft) is believed to be the deepest single lift shaft in the Western Hemisphere. The new #4 shaft bottoms out at 2,840 m (9,320 ft) down. LaRonde mine expansion was completed in June 2016 at the depth of 3,008 m (9,869 ft), the deepest longhole open stopes in the world. [16]