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In the Mannich reaction, primary or secondary amines or ammonia react with formaldehyde to form a Schiff base. Tertiary amines lack an N–H proton and so do not react. The Schiff base can react with α-CH-acidic compounds (nucleophiles) that include carbonyl compounds, nitriles, acetylenes, aliphatic nitro compounds, α-alkyl-pyridines or imines.
The Eschweiler–Clarke reaction (also called the Eschweiler–Clarke methylation) is a chemical reaction whereby a primary (or secondary) amine is methylated using excess formic acid and formaldehyde. [1] [2] Reductive amination reactions such as this one will not produce quaternary ammonium salts, but instead will stop at the tertiary amine ...
In this method, the sodium or potassium salt of phthalimide is N-alkylated with a primary alkyl halide to give the corresponding N-alkylphthalimide. [8] [9] [10] Upon workup by acidic hydrolysis the primary amine is liberated as the amine salt. [11] Alternatively the workup may be via the Ing–Manske procedure, involving reaction with hydrazine.
The reaction of converting primary aromatic amine into diazonium salt is called diazotisation. In this reaction primary aromatic amine is allowed to react with sodium nitrite and 2 moles of HCl , which is known as "ice cold mixture" because the temperature for the reaction was as low as 0.5 °C.
Amine. In chemistry, amines (/ ə ˈ m iː n, ˈ æ m iː n /, [1] [2] UK also / ˈ eɪ m iː n / [3]) are compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair.Formally, amines are derivatives of ammonia (NH 3 (in which the bond angle between the nitrogen and hydrogen is 107°), wherein one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a substituent such as an ...
Hydroxylamine derivatives substituted in place of the hydroxyl or amine hydrogen are (respectively) called O- or N‑hydroxylamines. In general N‑hydroxylamines are more common. Examples are N‑tert‑butylhydroxylamine or the glycosidic bond in calicheamicin. N,O‑Dimethylhydroxylamine is a precursor to Weinreb amides.
Such reactions lead to the production of hydrogen chloride which combines with triethylamine to form the salt triethylamine hydrochloride, commonly called triethylammonium chloride. (R, R' = alkyl, aryl): R 2 NH + R'C(O)Cl + Et 3 N → R'C(O)NR 2 + Et 3 NH + Cl −. Like other tertiary amines, it catalyzes the formation of urethane foams and ...
RSO 2 Cl + R' 2 NH → RSO 2 NR' 2 + HCl. A base such as pyridine is typically added to absorb the HCl that is generated. Illustrative is the synthesis of sulfonylmethylamide. [3] The reaction of primary and secondary amines with benzenesulfonyl chloride is the basis of the Hinsberg reaction, a method for detecting primary and secondary amines.