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The guidelines stipulate that PM 2.5 should not exceed 5 μg/m 3 annual mean, or 15 μg/m 3 24-hour mean; and that PM 10 should not exceed 15 μg/m 3 annual mean, or 45 μg/m 3 24-hour mean. [2] For ozone (O 3 ), the guidelines suggest values no higher than 100 μg/m 3 for an 8-hour mean and 60 μg/m 3 peak season mean. [ 2 ]
A 2023 study on sulfur dioxide emissions by coal power plants (coal PM 2.5) concluded that "exposure to coal PM 2.5 was associated with 2.1 times greater mortality risk than exposure to PM 2.5 from all sources." [133] From 1999 to 2020, a total of 460,000 deaths in the US were attributed to coal PM 2.5. [133]
The National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) govern how much ground-level ozone (O 3), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM 10, PM 2.5), lead (Pb), sulfur dioxide (SO 2), and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2) are allowed in the outdoor air. [6] The NAAQS set the acceptable levels of certain air pollutants in the ambient air in the United ...
An air quality index (AQI) is an indicator developed by government agencies [1] to communicate to the public how polluted the air currently is or how polluted it is forecast to become. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] As air pollution levels rise, so does the AQI, along with the associated public health risk.
Such standards generally are expressed as levels of specific air pollutants that are deemed acceptable in ambient air, and are most often designed to reduce or eliminate the human health effects of air pollution, although secondary effects such as crop and building damage may also be considered. [5] Determining appropriate air quality standards ...
These sections require the EPA "(1) to list widespread air pollutants that reasonably may be expected to endanger public health or welfare; (2) to issue air quality criteria for them that assess the latest available scientific information on nature and effects of ambient exposure to them; (3) to set primary NAAQS to protect human health with ...
The air quality in Malaysia is reported as the API (Air Pollutant Index) or in Malay as IPU (Indeks Pencemaran Udara). Four of the index's pollutant components (i.e., carbon monoxide, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide) are reported in ppmv but PM 2.5 particulate matter is reported in μg/m 3.
The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 is an Act of the Parliament of India to prevent air pollution in India. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The law was amended in 1987. [ 3 ] This was the first attempt by the Government of India to combat air pollution .