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Cross-stitch sampler, Germany Cross stitching using a hoop and showing use of enamel needle minder. Cross-stitch is a form of sewing and a popular form of counted-thread embroidery in which X-shaped stitches (called cross stitches) in a tiled, raster-like pattern are used to form a picture.
Canvas work in cross stitch became popular again in the mid-19th century with the Berlin wool work craze. Herringbone, fishbone, Van Dyke, and related crossed stitches are used in crewel embroidery, especially to add texture to stems, leaves, and similar objects. Basic cross stitch is used to fill backgrounds in Assisi work. [3]
Embroidery uses various combinations of stitches. Each embroidery stitch has a special name to help identify it. These names vary from country to country and region to region. Some of the basic stitches of embroidery are running stitch, cross stitch, stem stitch, back stitch, satin stitch, chain stitch and blanket stitch. [3]
Slip stitch – form of blind stitch for fastening two pieces of fabric together from the right side without the thread showing; Stoating – used to join two pieces of woven material, such that the resulting stitches are not visible from the right side of the cloth; Straight stitch – the basic stitch in hand-sewing and embroidery
Some of the basic techniques or stitches of the earliest embroidery are chain stitch, buttonhole or blanket stitch, running stitch, satin stitch, and cross stitch. [1] Those stitches remain the fundamental techniques of hand embroidery today.
Examples include: Backstitch; Overcast stitch; Cross stitch; Buttonhole or blanket stitch; Chain stitch; Knot stitch; These stitches and their variations are named according to the position of the needle and direction of sewing (running stitch, backstitch), the form or shape of the stitch (chain stitch, feather stitch) or the purpose of the stitch (tailor's tack, hem stitch).