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In the United States more than one in six people have the virus. [4] It is primarily a sexually transmitted infection. [5] Herpes simplex virus 2 tends to reside in the sacral ganglia. Herpes simplex virus 2 is periodically shed in the human genital tract, most often asymptomatically.
Herpes meningitis is inflammation of the meninges, the protective tissues surrounding the spinal cord and brain, [1] due to infection from viruses of the Herpesviridae family [2] - the most common amongst adults is HSV-2. [3] Symptoms are self-limiting over 2 weeks [4] with severe headache, nausea, vomiting, neck-stiffness, and photophobia. [5]
Prior HSV-1 seroconversion seems to reduce the symptoms of a later HSV-2 infection, although HSV-2 can still be contracted. Many people infected with HSV-2 display no physical symptoms—individuals with no symptoms are described as asymptomatic or as having subclinical herpes. [17] However, infection with herpes can be fatal. [18]
Herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are two members of the human Herpesviridae family, a set of viruses that produce viral infections in the majority of humans. [1] [2] Both HSV-1 and HSV-2 are very common and contagious. They can be spread when an infected person begins shedding the virus.
An online survey conducted by the Cleveland Clinic of 1,174 men 18 years or older, found that 72% of men would rather do household tasks, such as cleaning the bathroom or mowing the lawn, than see ...
According to a 2006 estimate, 57% of American adults were infected with HSV-1, [3] which is spread through droplets, casual contact and sometimes sexual contact, though most infected people never have cold sores. The rest of cases are due to HSV-2, which is typically spread through sexual contact and is the cause of genital herpes.
Rates for Canadian people infected with HSV-2 is much lower than estimated levels of HSV-2 seroprevalence in people of a similar age range in the United States. [20] HSV-2 seroprevalence in pregnant women between the ages of 15 and 44 in British Columbia is similar, with 57% having antibodies for HSV-1 and 13% having antibodies for HSV-2. [3]
Interestingly, research has shown that HSV-2 meningitis most often occurs in people with no history of genital herpes, and that a severe frontal headache is among the most common presenting symptoms. [16] [15] Patients with varicella zoster meningitis may present with herpes zoster in conjunction with classic meningeal signs. [15]