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However, if it is not contained it leads to faecal contamination of the peritoneal cavity (faecal peritonitis) which is often fatal. The Hinchey classification – proposed by Hinchey et al . in 1978 [ 1 ] classifies a colonic perforation due to diverticular disease.
Gastrointestinal perforation, also known as gastrointestinal rupture, [1] is a hole in the wall of the gastrointestinal tract. The gastrointestinal tract is composed of hollow digestive organs leading from the mouth to the anus. [3] Symptoms of gastrointestinal perforation commonly include severe abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. [2]
The risk of complications, such as peritonitis or perforation, is greater during the first episode of diverticulitis, and the risk reduces with each recurrence. People who are immunocompromised have a 5-fold increased risk of recurrence with complications, such as bowel perforation, compared to immunocompetent people.
Diverticulitis is defined as diverticular disease with signs and symptoms of diverticular inflammation. Clinical features of acute diverticulitis include constant abdominal pain, localized abdominal tenderness in the left lower quadrant of the abdomen, nausea, vomiting, constipation or diarrhea, fever and leukocytosis .
Complicated acute diverticulitis is distinguished from uncomplicated diverticulitis by the presence of abscess or colonic perforation. Chronic smoldering diverticulitis is caused by recurrent acute diverticulitis that does not respond to medical treatment but does not progress to complications such as abscess, peritonitis, enteric fistula, or ...
A Meckel's diverticulum, a true congenital diverticulum, is a slight bulge in the small intestine present at birth and a vestigial remnant of the vitelline duct.It is the most common malformation of the gastrointestinal tract and is present in approximately 2% of the population, [1] with males more frequently experiencing symptoms.
Diverticulitis is a common condition with different presentations. Although diverticulitis may be the source of a colonic obstruction, it more commonly causes an ileus, which appears to be a colonic obstruction. [16] Endoscopic means can be used to secure a diagnosis although this may cause a perforation of the inflamed diverticular area.
If properly treated, typical cases of surgically correctable peritonitis (e.g., perforated peptic ulcer, appendicitis, and diverticulitis) have a mortality rate of about <10% in otherwise healthy people. The mortality rate rises to 35% in peritonitis patients who develop sepsis, and patients who have underlying renal insufficiency and ...