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A transfer punch is a punch (usually in an index set) of a specific outer diameter that is non-tapered and extends the entire length of the punch (except for the tip). It is used to tightly fit the tolerances of an existing hole and, when struck, precisely transfer the center of that hole to another surface.
It can also be used to make gaskets for mating surfaces: a suitable gasket material is held over the surface that needs a gasket, and the operator lightly taps around the edges of the mating surface to perforate the gasket material. [6] A. Ball-peen hammer B. Straight-peen hammer C. Cross-peen hammer Example of a hard-faced ball-peen hammer
Die set (plates). [5] Placement can be inverted depending on the operation, such as use of a knock-out: [6] Die block – the lower (bottom) half of the die set. Machined to conform to the desired shape of the workpiece being formed or cut. Punch plate – the upper (top) half of the die set. Holds and supports the different punches in place.
The punch force required to punch a piece of sheet metal can be estimated from the following equation: [4] F = 0.7 t L ( U T S ) {\displaystyle F=0.7tL(UTS)} Where t is the sheet metal thickness, L is the total length sheared (perimeter of the shape), and UTS is the ultimate tensile strength of the material.
Gaskets can be produced by punching the required shape out of a sheet of flat, thin material, resulting in a sheet gaskets. Sheet gasket are fast and cheap to produce, and can be produced from a variety of materials, among them fibrous materials and matted graphite (and in the past - compressed asbestos).
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