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It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Hindi and Urdu in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing consensus on the talk page first.
On Mac English keyboard layouts ("ABC"), a few special characters can be typed: option-c for ç option-o for ø option-q for œ option-' for æ On Mac English extended keyboard layouts ("ABC — Extended"), most special characters, including composed diacritical symbols used in IPA, can be typed using option or shift-option.
Omitting or adding such detail does not make a difference to the identity of the word, but helps to give a more precise pronunciation. ⫽Double slashes⫽ indicate diaphonemes. For example, some speakers pronounce dune as /djuːn/ with a distinct /j/, others /duːn/ as if spelled doon, and even others /dʒuːn/ like June.
Regardless of the physical keyboard's layout, it is possible to install Unicode-based Hindi keyboard layouts on most modern operating systems. There are many online services available that transliterate text written in Roman to Devanagari accurately, using Hindi dictionaries for reference, such as Google transliteration or Microsoft Indic ...
The open central vowel is transcribed in IPA by either [aː] or [ɑː].. In Urdu, there is further short [a] (spelled ہ, as in کمرہ kamra) in word-final position, which contrasts with [aː] (spelled ا, as in لڑکا laṛkā).
Microsoft Windows Windows also allows one to change keyboard layouts and set up additional custom keyboard mappings for IAST. This Pali keyboard installer [ 5 ] made by Microsoft Keyboard Layout Creator (MSKLC) supports IAST (works on Microsoft Windows up to at least version 10, can use Alt button on the right side of the keyboard instead of ...
Native Hindi speakers pronounce व as [v] in vrat (व्रत – ورت, 'vow') and [w] in pakwān (पकवान – پکوان 'food dish'), treating them as a single phoneme and without being aware of the allophonic distinctions, though these are apparent to native English speakers.
In the System Settings, go to Input Devices, Keyboard; In the tab Layout, enable Configure layouts; Click on Add Layout; Choose 'India' in Layout and the language you want in Variant; Click on OK; Now, you will have an icon for the Keyboard Layout in your system tray, in which you can choose the layout you want