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When the cornea dries out it may stick to the eyelid and cause an abrasion when the eye reopens. [11] Exposure keratitis. Chemical injury can occur if cleaning solutions such as povidone-iodine (Betadine), chlorhexidine or alcohol are inadvertently spilt into the eye, for example when the face, neck or shoulder is being prepped for surgery. [4] [1]
Lubricating eye drops are usually given in the first instance of feline corneal sequestra, yet if the eye continues to irritate the cat or becomes worse, surgical removal is usually required. Once the removal of the corneal sequestrum is complete, cats will usually remain on lubricating eye drops for the rest of their lives.
Globe rupture can be recognized by these symptoms or physical exam features: Irregular-shaped pupil or iris; Subconjunctival hemorrhage; Enophthalmos; Conjunctival or scleral tear; Due to the emergent nature of this procedure and the possibility of restoring or preventing vision loss, globe rupture is the only absolute contraindication.
Treatment is a relatively simple surgery in which excess skin of the outer lids is removed or tendons and muscles are shortened with one or two stitches. General anesthesia is sometimes used before local anesthetics are injected into the muscles around the eye. Prognosis is excellent if surgery is performed before the cornea is damaged.
Although complications during anesthesia are rare, potentially life-threatening consequences may occur if an anaphylactic reaction develops. The severity of the reaction whilst under anesthesia is because the anesthetist is only made aware of the allergy when it is severe enough to compromise the cardiovascular system and the respiratory system.
The pain is described as constant, burning, aching or severe. It can be a side effect of surgery involving any part of the trigeminal system, and occurs after 1–4% of peripheral surgery for trigeminal neuralgia. No effective medical therapy has yet been found. Several surgical techniques have been tried, with modest or mixed results.
Animals may require anesthesia for therapeutic procedures, such as urinary catheterization to relieve obstruction, injection into a mass, or removing fluid from the eye to treat glaucoma. [4] In addition to anesthesia, analgesia is often managed by anesthesiologists or is included in the considerations for anesthesia. [2]
In cats, eye proptosis is uncommon and is often accompanied by facial fractures. [5] About 40% of proptosed eyes retain vision after being replaced in the orbit, but in cats very few retain vision. [6] Replacement of the eye requires general anesthesia. The eyelids are pulled outward, and the eye is gently pushed back into place.