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The principles of war identified by Carl von Clausewitz in his essay Principles of War, [5] and later enlarged in his book, On War have been influential in military thinking in the North Atlantic region. The initial essay dealt with the tactics of combat, and suggested the following general principles:
On War is a work rooted solely in the world of the nation state, states historian Martin van Creveld, who alleges that Clausewitz takes the state "almost for granted", as he rarely looks at anything before the 1648 Peace of Westphalia, and mediaeval warfare is effectively ignored in Clausewitz's theory. [27]
Carl Philipp Gottfried (or Gottlieb) von Clausewitz [note 1] (/ ˈ k l aʊ z ə v ɪ t s / KLOW-zə-vits, German: [ˈkaʁl fɔn ˈklaʊzəvɪts] ⓘ; 1 July 1780 – 16 November 1831) [1] was a Prussian general and military theorist who stressed the "moral" (in modern terms meaning psychological) and political aspects of waging war.
Economy of force is one of the nine Principles of War, based upon Carl von Clausewitz's approach to warfare. It is the principle of employing all available combat power in the most effective way possible, in an attempt to allocate a minimum of essential combat power to any secondary efforts.
(On War, Rapoport's introduction, 15) (See main articles for more information: Christian eschatology, Jewish eschatology) The Political school of thought, of which Clausewitz was a proponent, sees war as a tool of the state. On page 13 Rapoport says, Clausewitz views war as a rational instrument of national policy.
Iron Calculus of War – Resistance = Means x Will – Clausewitz; Moral ascendancy – Moral force is the trump card for any military event because as events change, the human elements of war remain unchanged – Du Piq; OODA loop – Decision-making occurs in a recurring cycle of observe-orient-decide-act. An entity (whether an individual or ...
During the First World War Frederick W. Lanchester formulated Lanchester's laws that calculated that the combat power of a military force is the square of the number of members of that unit so that the advantage a larger force has is the difference of the squares of the two forces, [2] [3] i.e.
Carl von Clausewitz. Clausewitz's On War has become a respected reference [29] [30] for strategy, dealing with political, as well as military, leadership, [31] [need quotation to verify] his most famous assertion being: "War is not merely a political act, but also a real political instrument, a continuation of policy by other means."