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Knowledge is a form of familiarity, awareness, understanding, or acquaintance.It often involves the possession of information learned through experience [1] and can be understood as a cognitive success or an epistemic contact with reality, like making a discovery. [2]
Definitions of knowledge aim to identify the essential features of knowledge. Closely related terms are conception of knowledge, theory of knowledge, and analysis of knowledge. Some general features of knowledge are widely accepted among philosophers, for example, that it involves cognitive success and epistemic contact with reality.
Someone's understanding can come from perceived causes [8] or non causal sources, [9] suggesting knowledge being a pillar of where understanding comes from. [10] We can have understanding while lacking corresponding knowledge and have knowledge while lacking the corresponding understanding. [11] The exes understand things differently.
The word epistemology comes from the ancient Greek terms ἐπιστήμη (episteme, meaning knowledge or understanding) and λόγος (logos, meaning study of or reason), literally, the study of knowledge. The word was only coined in the 19th century to label this field and conceive it as a distinct branch of philosophy.
In contrast, explicit knowledge involves conscious understanding of language rules, often acquired through formal instruction or study. [1] A somewhat similar distinction is the one between procedural knowledge and declarative knowledge .
Unlike the transfer of explicit knowledge, the transfer of tacit knowledge requires close interaction and the buildup of shared understanding and trust among them. Main methods for the acquisition and accumulation : Explicit knowledge can be generated through logical deduction and acquired through practical experience in the relevant context.
Platonic epistemology holds that knowledge of Platonic Ideas is innate, so that learning is the development of ideas buried deep in the soul, often under the midwife-like guidance of an interrogator. In several dialogues by Plato , the character Socrates presents the view that each soul existed before birth with the Form of the Good and a ...
Nomothetic and idiographic are terms used by Neo-Kantian philosopher Wilhelm Windelband to describe two distinct approaches to knowledge, each one corresponding to a different intellectual tendency, and each one corresponding to a different branch of academia. To say that Windelband supported that last dichotomy is a consequent misunderstanding ...