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Yellow jataí nest entrance (Tetragonisca angustula)In Brazil there are approximately 56% species of stingless bees out of the 462 that have been described in the world [12] (some studies indicate 552 species), [13] many of which have specific characteristics and are suitable for sustainable agro-ecological development, such as the yellow jataí (Tetragonisca angustula).
Their nests are the predominant bee nests in recovering forest habitats, but are also present in structured forests, depleted forests, and urban settings. Like other stingless bees, T. angustula finds pre-existing cavities, such as holes in tree trunks, cavities in walls, or even abandoned ant or termite nests, for their new nest sites. [1]
General main elements of stingless bees cavity nest colonies. Stingless bees, as a collective group, display remarkable adaptability to diverse nesting sites. They can be found in exposed nests in trees, from living in ant and termite nests above and below ground to cavities in trees, trunks, branches, rocks, or even human constructions. [69]
Arboreal nest in Guatemala. Trigona is one of the largest genera of stingless bees, comprising about 32 species, [1] exclusively occurring in the New World, and formerly including many more subgenera than the present assemblage; many of these former subgenera have been elevated to generic status.
Within 6 months, a nest can reach full physical size. [4] In terms of number of bees, Trigona spinipes form some of the largest stingless bee colonies in the world, ranging in size from 5,000 to over 100,000 workers. [7] Some colonies can reach 180,000 individuals, which is one order of magnitude larger than the size of honey bee colonies.
Trigona corvina (Cockerell, 1913) is a species of stingless bee that lives primarily in Central and South America. [1] [2] In Panama, they are sometimes known as zagañas.They live in protective nests high in the trees, but they can be extremely aggressive and territorial over their resources. [1]