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While most of the 'Pals battalions' formed in 1914–15 by local initiative were based on single towns or professions, one of the last to be formed was the 21st (Service) Battalion, King's Royal Rifle Corps, known as the 'Yeoman Rifles' because it was raised from farmers across a wide area of rural Northern England. [3]
The 21st (Service) Battalion (Yeoman Rifles) landed in France as part of the 124th Brigade in the 41st Division in May 1916 for service on the Western Front but moved to Italy in November 1917 before returning to France in March 1918. [22] Seven members of the regiment received the Victoria Cross. [34]
25th (Service) Battalion, Royal Fusiliers (City of London Regiment) (Frontiersmen) served in the East African Campaign from May 1915 to the end of 1917 [23] 21st (Service) Battalion, Prince of Wales's Own (West Yorkshire Regiment) (Wool Textile Pioneers) as Pioneers in the Regular 4th Division [ 24 ]
The unit was disbanded in 1945, but reformed in The Rifle Brigade in January 1947 and transferred to The Army Air Corps in July as the 21st Special Air Service Regiment (Artists Rifles). [15] The number 21 SAS was chosen to perpetuate two disbanded wartime regiments, 2 SAS and 1 SAS.
The 21st Marine Regiment (21st Marines) was an infantry regiment of the United States Marine Corps. Commissioned for service during World War II, the regiment fought in the battles of Bougainville, Guam and Iwo Jima. It fell under the command of the 3rd Marine Division and was decommissioned at the end of the war on December 20, 1945. [1]
Camp Calvin B. Matthews or Marine Corps Rifle Range Camp Matthews or Marine Corps Rifle Range, La Jolla (prior to World War II) [1] or more simply Camp Matthews was a United States Marine Corps military base from 1917 until 1964, when the base was decommissioned and transferred to the University of California to be part of the new University of California, San Diego campus. [2]
Depending on the unit, extra support officers will round out the staff, including a medical officer, Judge Advocate General's Corps (legal) officer, and a battalion chaplain (often collectively referred to as the "special staff"), as well as essential non-commissioned officers and enlisted support personnel in the occupational specialties of the staff sections (S1 through S4 and the S6).
On 30 August, the 34th Infantry's 3rd Battalion became the 21st's 2nd Battalion. The regiment fought on the Naktong River line until 19 September. The 24th Division, including the 21st, was awarded a Presidential Unit Citation for its actions between 2 July and 15 September.