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Mechanisms of producing precipitation include convective, stratiform, [6] and orographic rainfall. [7] Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, [8] while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation over a longer duration. [9]
A drought is a period of drier-than-normal conditions. [1]: 1157 A drought can last for days, months or years.Drought often has large impacts on the ecosystems and agriculture of affected regions, and causes harm to the local economy.
Since the turn of the century, about 66 percent of the historical and emerging drought-prone areas had high evaporative demand that could alone cause drought — regardless of precipitation status ...
Since 2000, climate change has been the primary cause of both the expansion of the drought area and the increase in drought severity, with that percentage rising to over 90% during the drought period.
These include how much rain falls and how fast the rain evaporates again. Warming over land increases the severity and frequency of droughts around much of the world. [57] [58]: 1057 In some tropical and subtropical regions of the world, there will probably be less rain due to global warming. This will make them more prone to drought.
Warmer temperatures cause more water to evaporate, making both droughts and heavy precipitation more extreme. Climate change makes droughts “more frequent, longer, and more severe,” according ...
The immediate cause of desertification is the loss of most vegetation. This is driven by a number of factors, alone or in combination, such as drought, climatic shifts, tillage for agriculture, overgrazing and deforestation for fuel or construction materials.
While not enough rain is likely to trigger river flooding or completely erase the widespread nature of drought in the region, some short-term progress in soil moisture can occur.