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Mimivirus is a genus of giant viruses, in the family Mimiviridae. Amoeba serve as their natural hosts. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] This genus contains a single identified species named Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus (APMV).
The first member of this family, Mimivirus, was discovered in 2003, [6] and the first complete genome sequence was published in 2004. [7] However, the mimivirus Cafeteria roenbergensis virus [8] was isolated and partially characterized in 1995, [9] although the host was misidentified at the time, and the virus was designated BV-PW1.
The first mimivirus (BV-PW1) was described in 1995, [15] but was not recognized as such until its sequenced genome was released as Cafeteria roenbergensis virus (CroV) in 2010. [16] Subsequently, the Giant Virus Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus was characterized [17] (which had been mistaken as a bacterium in 1993), [18] and then sequenced. [19]
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The hierarchy of biological classification's eight major taxonomic ranks.A domain contains one or more kingdoms. Intermediate minor rankings are not shown. In biology, a kingdom is the second highest taxonomic rank, just below domain.
Diagram showing the proximity of gene content of five members of the family Mimiviridae [7] CeV’s genome has 473,558 bp and a low G-C content of 25%. It is predicted to have 512 ORFs. [6] CeV possess a large number of core genes like the major capsid protein and the DNA polymerase B close to the respective genes of PgV.
A mimivirus with two satellite Sputnik virophages (arrows) [1]. Mimivirus-dependent virus Sputnik (from Russian спутник "satellite") is a subviral agent that reproduces in amoeba cells that are already infected by a certain helper virus; Sputnik uses the helper virus's machinery for reproduction and inhibits replication of the helper virus.
(A) When the host cell is only infected by a giant virus, the latter establishes a cytoplasmic virus factory to replicate and generates new virions, and the host cell is most likely lysed at the end of its replication cycle.