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A simple example of a polyatomic ion is the hydroxide ion, which consists of one oxygen atom and one hydrogen atom, jointly carrying a net charge of −1; its chemical formula is O H −. In contrast, an ammonium ion consists of one nitrogen atom and four hydrogen atoms, with a charge of +1; its chemical formula is N H + 4.
The phosphotungstate anion, an example of a polyoxometalate. In chemistry, a polyoxometalate (abbreviated POM) is a polyatomic ion, usually an anion, that consists of three or more transition metal oxyanions linked together by shared oxygen atoms to form closed 3-dimensional frameworks.
Ionic bonding is a type of chemical bond that involves the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions, and is the primary interaction occurring in ionic compounds. The ions are atoms that have lost one or more electrons (termed cations ) and atoms that have gained one or more electrons (termed anions ). [ 23 ]
In ionic compounds there arise characteristic distances between ion neighbours from which the spatial extension and the ionic radius of individual ions may be derived. The most common type of ionic bonding is seen in compounds of metals and nonmetals (except noble gases , which rarely form chemical compounds).
These compounds contain a layer polymeric anion consisting of HPO 3 tetrahedra linked by hydrogen bonds. These layers are interleaved by layers of metal cations. [8] Organic esters of hydrogen phosphites are anions with the formula HP(O) 2 OR − (R = organic group). One commercial example is the fungicide fosetyl-Al with the formula [C 2 H 5 ...
[4] [5] It is also one of the iodine compounds used to make iodized salt. [6] Potassium hydrogen iodate (or potassium biiodate), KH(IO 3) 2, is a double salt of potassium iodate and iodic acid, as well as an acid itself. When some oxygen is replaced by fluorine, fluoroiodates are produced.
The best known example is the Hg 2+ 2 ion, found in mercury(I) (mercurous) compounds. The existence of the metal–metal bond in Hg(I) compounds was established using X-ray studies in 1927 [ 2 ] [ page needed ] and Raman spectroscopy in 1934 [ 3 ] making it one of the earliest, if not the first, metal–metal covalent bonds to be characterised.
Polyhalogen ions are a group of polyatomic cations and anions containing halogens only. The ions can be classified into two classes, isopolyhalogen ions which contain one type of halogen only, and heteropolyhalogen ions with more than one type of halogen.