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In Italy, the laurea [4] (formerly laurea triennale, meaning "three-year laurea") is the most common type of "undergraduate degree".It is equivalent to a bachelor's degree and its normative time to completion is three years (note that in Italy scuola secondaria superiore or Lyceum [secondary or grammar school], takes five years, so it ends at 19 years of age).
For example, in the United States, a student pursuing an associate or bachelor's degree is known as an undergraduate student while a student pursuing a master's or doctoral degree is a graduate student. Upon completion of courses and other requirements of an undergraduate program, the student would earn the corresponding degree.
Requirements for an academic master's degree include taking a minimum number of advanced graduate classes (typically between five and eight) and submitting a research thesis, which is examined orally by a panel of at least two examiners (three is the preferred number), sometimes including one member from another university or research institute.
Exclusively undergraduate four-year (ExU4)—students are only awarded bachelor's degrees. Very high undergraduate (VHU)—fewer than 10 percent of students are graduate students. High undergraduate (HU)—more than 10 percent, but fewer than 25 percent of students are graduate students.
A graduate diploma (e.g., Graduate Diploma in Education etc.) is different from a postgraduate diploma, which is a course of study at postgraduate level (e.g., Postgraduate Diploma in Clinical Psychology etc.). In universities and learning institutes, a graduate diploma is commonly studied by students who have already graduated in a different ...
A graduate certificate [3] (GradCert, GCert, GradC) is a higher education qualification at the same level as a bachelor's degree but more limited in scope, taking less time to complete - normally between one third and two thirds of an academic year (or full-time equivalent).
A graduate diploma (called an advanced diploma at some universities) is an FHEQ Level 6 award, equivalent to the final year of a bachelor's degree and generally offered to graduates who already hold a bachelor's degree in a different subject.
Universities have both undergraduate and graduate students. Graduate programs grant a variety of master's degrees as well as the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD). Medical schools award either the MD or DO degrees while law schools award the JD degree. Both public and private universities are usually research-oriented institutions.