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A cerebral laceration is a type of traumatic brain injury that occurs when the tissue of the brain is mechanically cut or torn. [1] The injury is similar to a cerebral contusion; however, according to their respective definitions, the pia-arachnoid membranes are torn over the site of injury in laceration and are not torn in contusion.
The fibular collateral ligament (FCL) connects the femur to the fibula. It attaches on the femur just proximal and posterior to the femoral lateral epicondyle and extends approximately 70 mm down the knee to attach to the fibular head. [10] [11] From 0° to 30° of knee flexion, the FCL is the main structure preventing varus opening of the knee ...
913 Superficial injury of elbow, forearm, and wrist; 914 Superficial injury of hand(s) except finger(s) alone; 915 Superficial injury of finger(s) 916 Superficial injury of hip, thigh, leg, and ankle; 917 Superficial injury of foot and toe(s) 918 Superficial injury of eye and adnexa; 919 Superficial injury of other, multiple, and unspecified sites
In cingulate or subfalcine herniation, the most common type, the innermost part of the frontal lobe is scraped under part of the falx cerebri, the dura mater at the top of the head between the two hemispheres of the brain. [8] [13] Cingulate herniation can be caused when one hemisphere swells and pushes the cingulate gyrus by the falx cerebri. [7]
The skull can be fractured, but not necessarily. A penetrating head injury occurs when an object pierces the skull and breaches the dura mater. Brain injuries may be diffuse, occurring over a wide area, or focal, located in a small, specific area. A head injury may cause skull fracture, which may or may not be associated with injury to the ...
Injury to the right side of the brain will affect the left visual fields of each eye. The more posterior the cerebral lesion, the more symmetric (congruous) the homonymous hemianopsia will be. For example, a person who has a lesion of the right optic tract will no longer see objects on his left side.
Patients presenting with a headache originating at the posterior skull base should be evaluated for ON. This condition typically presents as a paroxysmal, lancinating or stabbing pain lasting from seconds to minutes, and therefore a continuous, aching pain likely indicates a different diagnosis. Bilateral symptoms are present in one-third of cases.
The ICD-10 established a set of diagnostic criteria for PCS in 1992. [38] In order to meet these criteria, a patient has had a head injury "usually sufficiently severe to result in loss of consciousness" [33] [39] and then develop at least three of the eight symptoms marked with a check mark in the table at right under "ICD-10" within four weeks.