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L. acidophilus easily adheres to and commonly grows on this cell type. L. acidophilus grows naturally in the oral and intestinal cavities of mammals. [medical citation needed] Nearly all Lactobacillus species have special mechanisms for heat resistance which involves enhancing the activity of chaperones.
Probiotics are live microorganisms promoted with claims that they provide health benefits when consumed, generally by improving or restoring the gut flora. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Probiotics are considered generally safe to consume , but may cause bacteria - host interactions and unwanted side effects in rare cases.
A 2002 meta-analysis that included five double-blind trials examining the short-term (2–8 weeks) effects of a yogurt with probiotic strains on serum cholesterol levels found little effect of 8.5 mg/dL (0.22 mmol/L) (4% decrease) in total cholesterol concentration, and a decrease of 7.7 mg/dL (0.2 mmol/L) (5% decrease) in serum LDL concentration.
Lactobacillus is a genus of gram-positive, aerotolerant anaerobes or microaerophilic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria. [2] [3] Until 2020, the genus Lactobacillus comprised over 260 phylogenetically, ecologically, and metabolically diverse species; a taxonomic revision of the genus assigned lactobacilli to 25 genera (see § Taxonomy below).
Some of the Bifidobacterium animalis bacteria found in a sample of Activia yogurt: The numbered ticks on the scale are 10 micrometres apart.. In 1899, Henri Tissier, a French pediatrician at the Pasteur Institute in Paris, isolated a bacterium characterised by a Y-shaped morphology ("bifid") in the intestinal microbiota of breast-fed infants and named it "bifidus". [5]
Claimed benefits range from reducing the incidence of diarrhea [2] [3] [4] and rhinitis reduction for young children, [5] to improvement of the immune function in adults [6] and seniors [7] [8] and reduction of duration of winter infections for elderly.