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The idea of plants having purifying powers comes from the 1989 Clean Air Study conducted by NASA, which found that certain plants removed health-harming pollutants from indoor environments. But ...
Since the release of the initial 1989 study, titled A study of interior landscape plants for indoor air pollution abatement: An Interim Report, [6] further research has been done including a 1993 paper [7] and 1996 book [8] by B. C. Wolverton, the primary researcher on the original NASA study, that listed additional plants and focused on the removal of specific chemicals.
The 1989 NASA Clean Air Study was set up to research ways to clean the air in sealed environments such as space stations. [44] This included an early study on the ability of potted plants to remove VOCs, which concluded that plants, specifically a combination of their roots and the soil microorganisms, were highly effective.
You would need hundreds to thousands of plants to improve your home's air quality, so a few houseplants won't make much of a difference.
See some of the NASA-approved best air-purifying plants that are worth having at home. These plants make your space fresher, helping to filter toxic chemicals.
In the laboratory settings uses in the Clean Air Study, spider plants were shown to reduce formaldehyde pollution, and approximately 70 plants would neutralize the formaldehyde released by materials in a representative (c. 167 m 2 [1,800 sq ft]) energy-efficient house, assuming each plant occupies a 3.8 L (0.84 imp gal; 1.0 US gal) pot.