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Diamond and graphite are two allotropes of carbon: pure forms of the same element that differ in crystalline structure.. Allotropy or allotropism (from Ancient Greek ἄλλος (allos) 'other' and τρόπος (tropos) 'manner, form') is the property of some chemical elements to exist in two or more different forms, in the same physical state, known as allotropes of the elements.
3 Overview element properties. 4 See also. Toggle the table of contents. Template: Infobox element/symbol-to-allotropes. 6 languages.
Carbon is capable of forming many allotropes (structurally different forms of the same element) due to its valency (tetravalent). Well-known forms of carbon include diamond and graphite. In recent decades, many more allotropes have been discovered and researched, including ball shapes such as buckminsterfullerene and sheets such as graphene.
White phosphorus (left), red phosphorus (center left and center right), and violet phosphorus (right) White phosphorus and resulting allotropes Elemental phosphorus can exist in several allotropes, the most common of which are white and red solids.
The following table gives the crystalline structure of the most thermodynamically stable form(s) for elements that are solid at standard temperature and pressure. Each element is shaded by a color representing its respective Bravais lattice, except that all orthorhombic lattices are grouped together.
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Elements including metals may exhibit polymorphism. Allotropy is the term used when describing elements having different forms and is used commonly in the field of metallurgy. Some (but not all) allotropes are also polymorphs. For example, iron has three allotropes that are also polymorphs. Alpha-iron, which exists at room temperature, has a ...
The element sulfur exists as many allotropes. In number of allotropes, sulfur is second only to carbon. [1] In addition to the allotropes, each allotrope often exists in polymorphs (different crystal structures of the same covalently bonded S n molecules) delineated by Greek prefixes (α, β, etc.). [2]