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In the works of J. R. R. Tolkien, the Hobbits have developed the Shire Reckoning. According to Appendix D of The Lord of the Rings, this calendar has arranged the year in 12 months of 30 days each. The month the Hobbits call Solmath is rendered in the text as February, and therefore the date February 30 exists in the narrative. [21]
The 30-day months always have four Sundays each; and the 31-day months always have five Sundays each. The number of business days (non-weekends) in each month is 26. Since 91 is a multiple of 7, each quarter has 13 weeks and begins on the same day of week. The calendar is therefore perennial, since the dates of the year always fall on the same ...
[3] [4] Because a lunar cycle is about 29.5 days long, such months would have varied between 29 and 30 days. [5] Twelve such months would have fallen 10 or 11 days short of the solar year and, without adjustment, such a year would have quickly rotated out of alignment with the seasons [5] in the manner of the Islamic calendar.
April was the second month of the earliest Roman calendar, [3] before Ianuarius and Februarius were added by King Numa Pompilius about 700 BC. It became the fourth month of the calendar year (the year when twelve months are displayed in order) during the time of the decemvirs about 450 BC, when it was 29 days long.
The calendar year can be divided into four quarters, [3] often abbreviated as Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4. Since they are three months each, they are also called trimesters. In the Gregorian calendar: First quarter, Q1: January 1 – March 31 (90 days or 91 days in leap years) [4] Second quarter, Q2: April 1 – June 30 (91 days)
The Gregorian calendar, like the Julian calendar, is a solar calendar with 12 months of 28–31 days each. The year in both calendars consists of 365 days, with a leap day being added to February in the leap years. The months and length of months in the Gregorian calendar are the same as for the Julian calendar.
The 5-week months would meet one of the following three criteria: The first day of the month is a ... Thursday and the month has 29 through 31 days. Wednesday and the month has 30 or 31 days. Tuesday and the month has 31 days, ending on a Thursday. Equivalently, the last day of the month is a ... Thursday and it is not the 28th.
Like all leap year types, the one starting with 1 January on a Thursday occurs exactly once in a 28-year cycle in the Julian calendar, i.e. in 3.57% of years. As the Julian calendar repeats after 28 years that means it will also repeat after 700 years, i.e. 25 cycles. The year's position in the cycle is given by the formula (((year + 8) mod 28 ...