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Hydrodesulfurization or hydrodesulphurisation (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences) (HDS), also called hydrotreatment or hydrotreating, is a catalytic chemical process widely used to remove sulfur (S) from natural gas and from refined petroleum products, such as gasoline or petrol, jet fuel, kerosene, diesel fuel, and fuel oils.
Desulfurization or desulphurisation is a chemical process for the removal of sulfur from a material. This involves either the removal of sulfur from a molecule (e.g. A=S → A:) or the removal of sulfur compounds from a mixture such as oil refinery streams. [1] Example of desulfurization of thioacetals using Raney nickel
In several places there is a need for both electric power and sulfuric acid. A cheap high-sulfur fuel such as petroleum coke can be used for power generation, while the flue gas is cleaned in an SNOX plant producing sulfuric acid. Elemental sulfur is fired in the SNOX plant in order to produce the desired amount of sulfuric acid.
An alternative to removing sulfur from the flue gases after burning is to remove the sulfur from the fuel before or during combustion. Hydrodesulfurization of fuel has been used for treating fuel oils before use. Fluidized bed combustion adds lime to the fuel during combustion. The lime reacts with the SO 2 to form sulfates which become part of ...
Crude oil contains sulfur in its composition, with the latter being the most abundant element after carbon and hydrogen. [2] Depending on its source, the amount of sulfur present in crude oil can range from 0.05 to 10%. [3] Accordingly, the oil can be classified as sweet or sour if the sulfur concentration is below or above 0.5%, respectively. [4]
The WSA process can be applied in all industries where sulfur removal presents an issue. The wet catalysis process is used for processing sulfur-containing streams, such as: [1] H 2 S gas from e.g. amine gas treating unit; Off-gas from sour water stripper (SWS) gas; Off-gas from Rectisol; Spent acid from an alkylation unit; Claus process tail gas
The Wellman–Lord process is a regenerable process to remove sulfur dioxide from flue gas (flue-gas desulfurization) without creating a throwaway sludge product.. In this process, sulfur dioxide from flue gas is absorbed in a sodium sulfite solution in water forming sodium bisulfite; other components of flue gas are not absorbed.
In oil refineries, that stripped gas is mostly H 2 S, much of which often comes from a sulfur-removing process called hydrodesulfurization. This H 2 S-rich stripped gas stream is then usually routed into a Claus process to convert it into elemental sulfur. In fact, the vast majority of the 64,000,000 metric tons of sulfur produced worldwide in ...