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During World War II unemployment by 1945 had fallen to 1.9% from 14.6% in 1940. 20% of the population during the war was employed within the armed forces. [ 36 ] The beginning years of World War II shows a spike in employment, but towards the end of the war decreased significantly.
The British Admiralty intended to have armed merchant cruisers of its own through the potential wartime conversion of vessels such as the RMS Lusitania and RMS Mauretania to outright warships. A second plan was to experiment with having civilian ships armed for their own protection, starting with the Royal Mail Steam Packet Company passenger ...
A Victory ship of World War II Liberty ship of World War II. The Emergency Shipbuilding Program built many types of ships to support the war. The most numerous ships were the 2,710 cargo Liberty ships. [25] Liberty ships were built between 1941 and 1945, with a new module assembly process so that about three ships were built every two days. [26]
The Emergency Shipbuilding Program (late 1940 – September 1945) was a United States government effort to quickly build simple cargo ships to carry troops and materiel to allies and foreign theatres during World War II. Run by the U.S. Maritime Commission, the program built almost 6,000 ships. [1] [2] [3]
The War Production Board (WPB) was an agency of the United States government that supervised war production during World War II. President Franklin D. Roosevelt established it in January 1942, with Executive Order 9024. [ 1 ]
A temporary war economy can also be seen as a means to avoid the need for more permanent militarization. During World War II, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt stated that if the Axis powers won, then "we would have to convert ourselves permanently into a militaristic power on the basis of war economy." [3]
The complex decisions involved in conversion to wartime use also necessitated organization and a bureaucracy; the term war effort was coined to describe these collective tasks. Implicit in the concept of war effort was that the entire society was expected to contribute in some way; this served the double purpose of improving morale as well as ...
The Army Specialized Training Program (ASTP) was a military training program instituted by the United States Army during World War II to meet wartime demands both for junior officers and soldiers with technical skills. Conducted at 227 American universities, it offered training in such fields as engineering, foreign languages, and medicine.