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The Citadel of Liège (French: Citadelle de Liège) was the central fortification of the strategic Belgian city of Liège, Wallonia, until the end of the 19th century.It is located in the Sainte-Walburge neighborhood, 111 metres (364 ft) above the Meuse valley.
The Meuse citadels or Mosane citadels (French: Citadelles mosanes) are a group of forts situated along the Meuse river in southern Belgian region of Wallonia. The citadels were originally intended to defend the Prince-Bishopric of Liège and County of Namur and were later modernized during the periods of French and Dutch rule.
Citadel of Huy, Belgium; Citadel of Liège, Belgium (partially demolished) Citadel of Namur, Belgium; Citadel Počitelj, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Halifax Citadel, Canada;
They were originally intended to defend the Prince-Bishopric of Liège and County of Namur and were later modernized during the periods of French and Dutch rule. These are the citadels of Namur, Huy, Dinant (pictured), and the remains of the Citadel of Liège which was largely demolished in the 1970s. [36]
War came in 1914, and Liège became the early focus of German attack on the way to France. The forts were known to have shortcomings in their ability to resist heavy artillery, and had never been modernised. [35] During the battle of Liège the forts were pounded by heavy German artillery of 21 cm, 28 cm and 42 cm.
1255 - Citadel of Liège built. 1316 - Paix de Fexhe signed, establishing a somewhat representative government in Liège. [1] [4] 1319 - Saint-Julien Hospice founded in Outremeuse . 1325 - Guild unrest. [4] 1408 - 23 September: Battle of Othée. [4] 1468 Liège sacked by forces of Charles the Bold of Burgundy. [3] [1]
The Battle of Liège (5–16 August 1914) was the opening engagement of the German invasion of Belgium and the first battle of the First World War.The city of Liège was protected by a ring of modern fortresses, one of several fortified cities to delay an invasion to allow troops from the powers which had guaranteed Belgian neutrality to assist the Belgian Army in the expulsion of the invaders.
Liège is the most important city of the Walloon region from an economic perspective. In the past, Liège was one of the most important industrial centres in Europe, particularly in steel-making. Starting in 1817, John Cockerill extensively developed the iron and steel industry. The industrial complex of Seraing was the largest in the world.