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Oxytetracycline, like other tetracyclines, is used to treat many infections, both common and rare.Its better absorption profile makes it preferable to tetracycline for moderately severe acne at a dosage of 250–500 mg four times a day for usually six to eight weeks at a time, but alternatives should be sought if no improvement occurs by three months.
Antacids containing aluminium and calcium reduce the absorption of all tetracyclines, and dairy products reduce absorption greatly for all but minocycline. The breakdown products of tetracyclines are toxic and can cause Fanconi syndrome, a potentially fatal disease affecting proximal tubular function in the nephrons of the kidney. Prescriptions ...
Tetracycline-controlled gene expression is based upon the mechanism of resistance to tetracycline antibiotic treatment found in gram-negative bacteria. In nature, the P tet promoter expresses TetR (the repressor ) and TetA, the protein that pumps tetracycline antibiotic out of the cell.
Tetracycline, sold under various brand names, is an antibiotic in the tetracyclines family of medications, used to treat a number of infections, [3] including acne, cholera, brucellosis, plague, malaria, and syphilis. [3]
Doxycycline absorption is also inhibited by divalent and trivalent cations, such as iron, bismuth, aluminum, calcium and magnesium. [15] Doxycycline forms unstable complexes with metal ions in the acidic gastric environment, which dissociate in the small intestine, allowing the drug to be absorbed.
This resistance mechanism underscores the importance of the structural integrity of the β-lactam ring for the antibiotic's function. [24] The color change from colorless or light yellow to amber or even red in an aqueous solution of a β-lactam antibiotic can denote β-lactamase hydrolysis of amide bonds in the β-lactam ring.
Minocycline is also used for other skin infections such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. [22]Although minocycline's broader spectrum of activity, compared with other members of the group, includes activity against Neisseria meningitidis, [23] its use for prophylaxis is no longer recommended because of side effects (dizziness and vertigo).
The multi-target mechanisms of aPDT avoid antimicrobial resistance, which continues to be a major global health concern. [ 18 ] [ 19 ] [ 20 ] The likelihood of developing resistance in pathogens is higher for antimicrobial strategies that have a specific target structure, following the key-lock principle, embodied in many antibiotics or ...