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  2. Associative array - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associative_array

    The basic idea behind a hash table is that accessing an element of an array via its index is a simple, constant-time operation. Therefore, the average overhead of an operation for a hash table is only the computation of the key's hash, combined with accessing the corresponding bucket within the array.

  3. Range query (computer science) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Range_query_(computer_science)

    In computer science, the range query problem consists of efficiently answering several queries regarding a given interval of elements within an array. For example, a common task, known as range minimum query, is finding the smallest value inside a given range within a list of numbers.

  4. List comprehension - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_comprehension

    Here, the list [0..] represents , x^2>3 represents the predicate, and 2*x represents the output expression.. List comprehensions give results in a defined order (unlike the members of sets); and list comprehensions may generate the members of a list in order, rather than produce the entirety of the list thus allowing, for example, the previous Haskell definition of the members of an infinite list.

  5. Lazy evaluation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazy_evaluation

    In Python 3.x the range() function [28] returns a generator which computes elements of the list on demand. Elements are only generated when they are needed (e.g., when print(r[3]) is evaluated in the following example), so this is an example of lazy or deferred evaluation: >>>

  6. B+ tree - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B+_tree

    The maximum number of keys is = The ... Performing a range query with k elements occurring within the range requires ... B+ tree in Python, used to implement a list;

  7. Foreach loop - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreach_loop

    In computer programming, foreach loop (or for-each loop) is a control flow statement for traversing items in a collection. foreach is usually used in place of a standard for loop statement.

  8. Skip list - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skip_list

    If the current element is greater than the target, or the search reaches the end of the linked list, the procedure is repeated after returning to the previous element and dropping down vertically to the next lower list. The expected number of steps in each linked list is at most /, which can be seen by tracing the search path backwards from the ...

  9. Generator (computer programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generator_(computer...

    In computer science, a generator is a routine that can be used to control the iteration behaviour of a loop.All generators are also iterators. [1] A generator is very similar to a function that returns an array, in that a generator has parameters, can be called, and generates a sequence of values.