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Buteo is a genus of medium to fairly large, wide-ranging raptors with a robust body and broad wings. In the Old World, members of this genus are called "buzzards", but "hawk" is used in the New World (Etymology: Buteo is the Latin name of the common buzzard [1]). As both terms are ambiguous, buteo is sometimes used instead, for example, by the ...
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The common buzzard (Buteo buteo) [2] is a medium-to-large bird of prey which has a large range. It is a member of the genus Buteo [2] in the family Accipitridae. [2] The species lives in most of Europe and extends its breeding range across much of the Palearctic as far as northwestern China (), far western Siberia and northwestern Mongolia.
The roadside hawk is the smallest hawk in the widespread genus Buteo; [13] although Ridgway's hawk and the white-rumped hawk are scarcely larger. [11] In flight, the relatively long tail and disproportionately short wings of the roadside hawk are distinctive. It frequently soars, but does not hover. [11]
The eastern buzzard or Japanese buzzard (Buteo japonicus) is a medium to large bird of prey that is sometimes considered a subspecies of the widespread common buzzard (Buteo buteo). Some scientists treated is as a distinct species starting in 2008, but others still treat it as either one or three subspecies.
The subfamily Buteoninae was introduced (as "Buteonina") by the Irish zoologist Nicholas Vigors in 1825 with Buteo as the type genus. [4] [5] The subfamily includes about 79 currently recognized species. [6]
The genus Buteogallus was introduced in 1830 by the French naturalist René Lesson to accommodate the rufous crab hawk, which is therefore the type species. [2] [3] The name is a portmanteau of the genus name Buteo introduced in 1779 by Bernard Germain de Lacépède for the buzzards and the genus Gallus introduced in 1760 by Mathurin Jacques Brisson for the junglefowl. [4]
The gray hawk (Buteo plagiatus) or Mexican goshawk [2] is a smallish raptor found in open country and forest edges. It is sometimes placed in the genus Asturina as Asturina plagiata . The species was split by the American Ornithological Society (AOU) from the gray-lined hawk .