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An example of hardware flow control is a half-duplex radio modem to computer interface. In this case, the controlling software in the modem and computer may be written to give priority to incoming radio signals such that outgoing data from the computer is paused by lowering CTS if the modem detects a reception.
Software flow control is a method of flow control used in computer data links, especially RS-232 serial. It uses special codes, transmitted in-band, over the primary communications channel. These codes are generally called XOFF and XON (from "transmit off" and "transmit on", respectively). Thus, "software flow control" is sometimes called "XON ...
Active control requires actuators that require energy and may operate in a time-dependent manner. [1] Active flow control includes steady or unsteady suction or blowing, [2] the use of synthetic jets, valves and plasma actuators. Actuation may be pre-determined (open-loop control) or be dependent on monitoring sensors (closed-loop control).
Control of flux in a metabolic pathways: The control of flux is a systemic property, that is it depends, to varying degrees, on all interactions in the system. The control of flux is measured by the flux control coefficient; In a linear chain of reactions, the flux control coefficient will have values between zero and one.
A mass flow controller is designed and calibrated to control a specific type of liquid or gas at a particular range of flow rates. The MFC can be given a setpoint from 0 to 100% of its full scale range but is typically operated in the 10 to 90% of full scale where the best accuracy is achieved.
Ethernet flow control is a mechanism for temporarily stopping the transmission of data on Ethernet family computer networks. The goal of this mechanism is to avoid packet loss in the presence of network congestion. The first flow control mechanism, the pause frame, was defined by the IEEE 802.3x standard.
Flow-based programming defines applications using the metaphor of a "data factory". It views an application not as a single, sequential process, which starts at a point in time, and then does one thing at a time until it is finished, but as a network of asynchronous processes communicating by means of streams of structured data chunks, called "information packets" (IPs).
For example, serine biosynthesis starts at 3-phosphoglycerate and ends at serine. This is a somewhat ad hoc means for defining pathways, particularly when pathways are dynamic structures, changing as environmental result in changes in gene expression. For example, the Kreb Cycle is often not cyclic as depicted in textbooks.