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On the night of 9/10 March 1945, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) conducted a devastating firebombing raid on Tokyo, the Japanese capital city.This attack was code-named Operation Meetinghouse by the USAAF and is known as the Tokyo Great Air Raid (東京大空襲, Tōkyō dai-kūshū) in Japan. [1]
The districts bombed were home to 1.2 million people. Tokyo police recorded 267,171 buildings destroyed, which left more than one million people homeless. [26] Emperor Hirohito's tour of the destroyed areas of Tokyo in March 1945 was the beginning of his involvement in the peace process, culminating in Japan's surrender six months later. [27]
10 March 10, 1945 (Saturday) 11 March ... The following events occurred in March 1945: ... Japanese general Tadamichi Kuribayashi is believed to have died on or ...
The first firebombing attack in this campaign—codenamed Operation Meetinghouse—was carried out against Tokyo on the night of 9/10 March, and proved to be the single most destructive air raid of the war. [104] XXI Bomber Command mounted a maximum effort, and on the afternoon of 9 March 346 B-29s left the Marianas bound for Tokyo.
March 10 - Major bombing of Tokyo; March 12 - First bombing of Nagoya. March 13 - First bombing of Osaka. March 26 - U.S. forces win the Battle of Iwo Jima, defeating the last remaining troops led by Tadamichi Kuribayashi. April 7 - The Japanese battleship Yamato is sunk. April 7 - Koiso Cabinet resigns and Kantarō Suzuki forms his cabinet.
10: US Navy Fast Carrier Task Force 38 aircraft participate in attacks on Tokyo for the first time. 14: Italy declares war on Japan. 16: The U.S. conducts the Trinity test at Alamogordo, New Mexico, the first test of a nuclear weapon.
10 March: Tokyo Stadium open. October: Asian Network of Major Cities 21 meets in Tokyo. [4] 2002 - Tokyo International Anime Fair begins. 2004 - ShinGinkō Tokyo bank established. [4] 2005 - Tokyo Metropolitan University established. [4] 2006 - Czech Centre in Tokyo opens. [37] 2007 Tokyo Marathon begins. [4] Midtown Tower built.
During Operation Meethinghouse on March 9–10, 1945, LeMay sent pathfinder aircraft ahead of an armada of B-29 bombers to mark the target area in Tokyo with napalm bombs. The armada of 334 B-29s from the Mariana Islands followed. 279 of the bombers dropped 1,665 tons of incendiary bombs.