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Antibodies to HMG proteins are found in patients with autoimmune diseases. The SRY gene on the Y Chromosome, responsible for male sexual differentiation, contains an HMG-Box domain. A member of the HMG family of proteins, HMGB1 , has also been shown to have an extracellular activity as a chemokine , attracting neutrophils and mononuclear ...
HMGN1 and HMGN2 (initially designated HMG-14 and HMG-17 respectively) were discovered by E.W. Johns research group in the early 1970s. [1] HMGN3, HMGN4, and HMGN5 were discovered later and are less abundant. HMGNs are nucleosome binding proteins that help in transcription, replication, recombination, and DNA repair.
HMG-box containing proteins only bind non-B-type DNA conformations (kinked or unwound) with high affinity. [1]HMG-box domains are found in some high mobility group proteins, which are involved in the regulation of DNA-dependent processes such as transcription, replication, and DNA repair, all of which require changing the conformation of chromatin. [3]
The domain is most commonly found in the high mobility group (HMG) proteins, HMG14 and HMG17, however, it is also found in other proteins which bind to nucleosomes, e.g. NBP-45. NBP-45 is a nucleosomal binding protein, first identified in mice, [3] which is related to HMG14 and HMG17. NBP-45 binds specifically to nucleosome core particles, and ...
HMGB1 has to interact with p53. [15] [16]HMGB1 is a nuclear protein that binds to DNA and acts as an architectural chromatin-binding factor. It can also be released from cells, an extracellular form in which it may bind to toll-like receptors (TLRs) or an inflammatory receptor called the receptor for advanced glycation end-products RAGE.
HMGA1 proteins have high amounts of diverse posttranslational modifications and are located mainly in the nucleus, especially in heterochromatin, but also in mitochondria and the cytoplasm. Recently it has been shown that HMGA1 proteins, HMGA1a and HMGA1b, can cross-link DNA fibers in vitro and can induce chromatin clustering in vivo suggesting ...
15312 Ensembl ENSG00000205581 ENSMUSG00000040681 UniProt P05114 P18608 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_004965 NM_008251 RefSeq (protein) NP_004956 NP_032277 Location (UCSC) Chr 21: 39.34 – 39.35 Mb Chr 16: 95.92 – 95.93 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Non-histone chromosomal protein HMG-14 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HMGN1 gene. Function Chromosomal protein ...
SOX genes (SRY-related HMG-box genes) encode a family of transcription factors that bind to the minor groove in DNA, and belong to a super-family of genes characterized by a homologous sequence called the HMG-box (for high mobility group). This HMG box is a DNA binding domain that is highly conserved throughout eukaryotic species.