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The Piscataway Indian Tribe made this section of Southern Maryland its winter camping ground because of the mild climate and abundance of game. [2] The headwaters of the Zekiah Swamp are located in Cedarville. The swamp extends Southward through Charles County for 20 miles, emptying into the Wicomico River.
There are approximately 326 federally recognized Indian Reservations in the United States. [1] Most of the tribal land base in the United States was set aside by the federal government as Native American Reservations. In California, about half of its reservations are called rancherías. In New Mexico, most reservations are called Pueblos.
In the 2010 census, about 20,000 Maryland residents, or 0.4% of the state, self-reported American Indian as their only race. More than 50,000 people in Maryland self-identified as being at least part American Indian, constituting 1.0% of the total state population. [13]
To escape persecution by settler society, some of the Piscataway migrated to settlements along the Susquehanna River into Virginia and Pennsylvania, [5] where the Iroquois gave them the name 'Conoy'. [3] In 1974 Turkey Tayac, Piscataway Indian leader, incorporated a non-profit organization called the "Piscataway-Conoy Indians." [6]
The Piscataway Indian Nation inhabits traditional Piscataway homelands in the areas of Charles County, Calvert County, and St. Mary's County; all in Maryland. Its members now mostly live in these three southern Maryland counties and in the two nearby major metropolitan areas, Baltimore and Washington, D.C.
Piscataway Indian Nation and Tayac Territory headed by Billy Redwing Tayac, Indigenous rights activist and son of the late Chief Turkey Tayac; Piscataway Conoy Tribe, which is split between two tribal entities: [5] Piscataway Conoy Confederacy and Sub-Tribes; Cedarville Band of Piscataway Indians, led by Natalie Proctor. [33]
Piscataway signed a treaty with William Penn in 1701. Many had settled near Conoy (their name to Iroquois-speakers ) creek in Pennsylvania by 1718. [ 13 ] In 1704, English settlers laid out the town of Piscataway, Maryland near or on the site of Kittamaqundi. [ 14 ]
Piscataway Park is a National Park Service-protected area located 20 miles (32 km) southwest of downtown Washington, D.C. in and around Accokeek, Maryland. It protects the National Colonial Farm, Marshall Hall, and the Accokeek Creek Site. The park is located across the Potomac River from George Washington's Mount Vernon estate.