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The use of alkenylsuccinic anhydrides to hydrophobize cellulose-based (cotton) textiles [5] (first patented in 1959) and the transfer of this concept to the hydrophobization of paper using iso-octadecenyl succinic anhydrides (C 18-ASA) in 1963 [6] [7] required liquid, particle-free colours with a colour as light as possible.
Succinic anhydride hydrolyzes readily to give succinic acid: (CH 2 CO) 2 O + H 2 O → (CH 2 CO 2 H) 2. With alcohols (ROH), a similar reaction occurs, delivering the monoester: (CH 2 CO) 2 O + ROH → RO 2 CCH 2 CH 2 CO 2 H. Succinic anhydride is used in acylations under Friedel-Crafts conditions, as illustrated by the industrial route to the ...
Poly-L-lysine has been prepared from N-carbobenzyloxy-α-N-carboxy-L-lysine anhydride, followed by deprotection with phosphonium iodide. [14] Peptide synthesis from NCAs does not require protection of the amino acid functional groups. N-Substituted NCAs, such as sulfenamide derivatives have also been examined. [15]
A common type of organic acid anhydride is a carboxylic anhydride, where the parent acid is a carboxylic acid, the formula of the anhydride being (RC(O)) 2 O. Symmetrical acid anhydrides of this type are named by replacing the word acid in the name of the parent carboxylic acid by the word anhydride. [2] Thus, (CH 3 CO) 2 O is called acetic ...
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DIPEA is a sterically hindered organic base that is commonly employed as a proton scavenger. Thus, like 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine and triethylamine, DIPEA is a good base but a poor nucleophile, DIPEA has low solubility in water, which makes it very easily recovered in commercial processes, a combination of properties that makes it a useful organic reagent.
Polyanhydrides are a class of biodegradable polymers characterized by anhydride bonds that connect repeat units of the polymer backbone chain. Their main application is in the medical device and pharmaceutical industry. In vivo, polyanhydrides degrade into non-toxic diacid monomers that can be metabolized and eliminated from the body. Owing to ...