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The Cambrian (/ ˈ k æ m b r i. ə n, ˈ k eɪ m-/ KAM-bree-ən, KAYM-) is the first geological period of the Paleozoic Era, and the Phanerozoic Eon. [5] The Cambrian lasted 51.95 million years from the end of the preceding Ediacaran period 538.8 Ma (million years ago) to the beginning of the Ordovician Period 486.85 Ma.
The Cambrian explosion (also known as Cambrian radiation [1] or Cambrian diversification) is an interval of time beginning approximately in the Cambrian period of the early Paleozoic, when a sudden radiation of complex life occurred and practically all major animal phyla started appearing in the fossil record.
The first occurrence of Treptichnus pedum marks the Cambrian-Ediacaran boundary in Newfoundland, although there are several occurrences some metres below.. The opening of the Cambrian period is marked by a number of biological changes, including the extinction of the Ediacara biota, the preponderance of armoured organisms (e.g. the small shelly fossils), and a "widening of the behavioural ...
Volcanic activity, particularly that of large igneous provinces, has been speculated to have been the cause of the environmental crisis. [3] The emplacement of the Namaqualand–Garies dykes in South Africa has been dated to 485 mya, the time at which the Cambrian–Ordovician extinction event occurred, although there remains no unambiguous evidence of a causal relationship between this ...
Petermann Orogeny – Neoproterozoic mountain building event – Central Australia, late Neoproterozoic Era to Cambrian Period (c. 630–520 Ma) Delamerian Orogeny – Major geological province in central South Australia Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – South Australia and Victoria , Ordovician Period , (c. 514–510 Ma)
The Cambrian is a major division of the geologic timescale that begins about 538.8 ± 0.2 Ma. [40] Cambrian continents are thought to have resulted from the breakup of a Neoproterozoic supercontinent called Pannotia. The waters of the Cambrian period appear to have been widespread and shallow. Continental drift rates may have been anomalously high.
The Terreneuvian is the lowermost and oldest series of the Cambrian geological system. [2] Its base is defined by the first appearance datum of the trace fossil Treptichnus pedum around 538.8 million years ago. Its top is defined as the first appearance of trilobites in the stratigraphic record around 521 million years ago. [4]
The end-Botomian mass extinction event, also known as the late early Cambrian extinctions, refer to two extinction intervals that occurred during Stages 4 and 5 of the Cambrian Period, approximately 513 to 509 million years ago. Estimates for the decline in global diversity over these events range from 50% of marine genera [1] up to 80%. [2]