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  2. Plant hormone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_hormone

    Plant hormones (or phytohormones) are signal molecules, produced within plants, that occur in extremely low concentrations. Plant hormones control all aspects of plant growth and development, including embryogenesis, [1] the regulation of organ size, pathogen defense, [2] [3] stress tolerance [4] [5] and reproductive development. [6]

  3. Stimulus (physiology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stimulus_(physiology)

    The endocrine system is affected largely by many internal and external stimuli. One internal stimulus that causes hormone release is blood pressure. Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is a large driving force for the release of vasopressin, a hormone which causes the retention of water in the kidneys. This process also increases an individual ...

  4. Homeostasis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeostasis

    The control center sets the maintenance range—the acceptable upper and lower limits—for the particular variable, such as temperature. The control center responds to the signal by determining an appropriate response and sending signals to an effector, which can be one or more muscles, an organ, or a gland. When the signal is received and ...

  5. Hormone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormone

    Plants lack specialized organs for the secretion of hormones, although there is spatial distribution of hormone production. For example, the hormone auxin is produced mainly at the tips of young leaves and in the shoot apical meristem. The lack of specialised glands means that the main site of hormone production can change throughout the life ...

  6. Abscisic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abscisic_acid

    Abscisic acid (ABA or abscisin II [5]) is a plant hormone. ABA functions in many plant developmental processes, including seed and bud dormancy, the control of organ size and stomatal closure. It is especially important for plants in the response to environmental stresses, including drought, soil salinity, cold tolerance, freezing tolerance ...

  7. Hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothalamic–pituitary...

    Low-T3 syndrome and high-T3 syndrome: Consequences of step-up hypodeiodination, e.g. in critical illness as an example for type 1 allostasis, [20] or hyperdeiodination, as in type 2 allostasis, including posttraumatic stress disorder. [12] Resistance to thyroid hormone: Feedback loop interrupted on the level of pituitary thyroid hormone receptors.

  8. ABC model of flower development - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_model_of_flower...

    ABC model of flower development guided by three groups of homeotic genes.. The ABC model of flower development is a scientific model of the process by which flowering plants produce a pattern of gene expression in meristems that leads to the appearance of an organ oriented towards sexual reproduction, a flower.

  9. Endocrine system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endocrine_system

    The endocrine system [1] is a messenger system in an organism comprising feedback loops of hormones that are released by internal glands directly into the circulatory system and that target and regulate distant organs. In vertebrates, the hypothalamus is the neural control center for all endocrine systems.