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1 Material Safety Data Sheet. 2 Structure and properties. 3 Thermodynamic properties. 4 Vapor pressure of liquid. ... for o-Xylene/Carbon tetrachloride [8] P = 760 mm ...
o-Xylene (ortho-xylene) is an aromatic hydrocarbon with the formula C 6 H 4 (CH 3) 2, with two methyl substituents bonded to adjacent carbon atoms of a benzene ring (the ortho configuration). It is a constitutional isomer of m -xylene and p -xylene , the mixture being called xylene or xylenes.
Xylene is used in the laboratory to make baths with dry ice to cool reaction vessels, [17] and as a solvent to remove synthetic immersion oil from the microscope objective in light microscopy. [18] In histology, xylene is the most widely used clearing agent. [19] Xylene is used to remove paraffin from dried microscope slides prior to staining.
1 Material Safety Data Sheet. 2 Structure and properties. ... o-xylene (data page) Vapor-liquid Equilibrium for m-Xylene/Carbon tetrachloride [7] P = 760 mm Hg BP Temp.
1 Material Safety Data Sheet. 2 Structure and properties. 3 Thermodynamic properties. ... for p-Xylene/o-Xylene [6] P = 26.66 kPa BP Temp. °C % by mole p-xylene ...
The p-xylene is then separated out in a series of distillation, adsorption or crystallization and reaction processes from the m-xylene, o-xylene, and ethylbenzene. Its melting point is the highest among this series of isomers, but simple crystallization does not allow easy purification due to the formation of eutectic mixtures.
An alternative process involves oxidation of the two methyl groups of o-xylene, a more atom-economical process. This reaction is run at about 320–400 °C and has the following stoichiometry: C 6 H 4 (CH 3) 2 + 3 O 2 → C 6 H 4 (CO) 2 O + 3 H 2 O. The reaction proceeds with about 70% selectivity. About 10% of maleic anhydride is also produced:
The m-stands for meta-, indicating that the two methyl groups in m-xylene occupy positions 1 and 3 on a benzene ring. It is in the positions of the two methyl groups, their arene substitution pattern, that it differs from the other isomers, o-xylene and p-xylene. All have the same chemical formula C 6 H 4 (CH 3) 2. All xylene isomers are ...