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Burundi, [b] officially the Republic of Burundi, [c] is a landlocked country in East Africa. It is located in the Great Rift Valley at the junction between the African Great Lakes region and Southeast Africa, with a population of over 14 million people. [ 14 ]
The origins of Burundi are known from a mix of oral history and archaeology. [1] There are two main founding legends for Burundi. Both suggest that the nation was founded by a man named Cambarantama. The other version, more common in pre-colonial Burundi says that Cambarantama came from the southern state of Buha. [2]
The Kingdom of Burundi was led by the mwami who presided over a large and powerful aristocracy. Before Burundi's colonization, the kingdom was highly decentralized; though this number fluctuated, on average there were 220 powerful noble lineages. [36] The regional elite often held wide independence under the nominal overlordship of the mwami. [6]
French language map of Ruanda-Urundi, c. 1929–1938 Both Rwanda and Burundi were assigned to the German Empire in the Berlin Conference of 1884–85. [9] Germany did not rule over the kingdoms themselves, but instead chose to rule indirectly through their monarchies, [6] making them the westernmost part of the German East Africa colony.
German East Africa (GEA; German: Deutsch-Ostafrika) was a German colony in the African Great Lakes region, which included present-day Burundi, Rwanda, the Tanzania mainland, and the Kionga Triangle, a small region later incorporated into Mozambique.
Burundi is unusual among African states in having a single indigenous language shared by its entire population. In one estimate, 98 percent of Burundians speak Kirundi. [ 2 ] Under Belgian colonial rule (1919–62), Kirundi was taught, whereas under German rule (1894–1916), Swahili had been encouraged. [ 2 ]
Independence as Kingdom of Burundi: See also. List of colonial governors of Ruanda-Urundi; List of colonial residents of Rwanda; References Works cited. Weinstein ...
Burundi Republic of Burundi BDI French: Burundi—République du Burundi Kirundi: Burundi—Republika y'u Burundi: Gitega French: Gitega Kirundi: Gitega: 12,551,213 27,830 km 2 (10,745 sq mi) Burundi franc: Cameroon Republic of Cameroon CMR English: Cameroon—Republic of Cameroon French: Cameroun—République du Cameroun: Yaoundé English ...