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Patois (/ ˈ p æ t w ɑː /, pl. same or / ˈ p æ t w ɑː z /) [1] is speech or language that is considered nonstandard, although the term is not formally defined in linguistics.As such, patois can refer to pidgins, creoles, dialects or vernaculars, but not commonly to jargon or slang, which are vocabulary-based forms of cant.
A standard language (or standard variety, standard dialect, standardized dialect or simply standard) is any language variety that has undergone substantial codification of its grammar, lexicon, writing system, or other features and that stands out among related varieties in a community as the one with the highest status or prestige.
It is possible that some of the meanings marked non-standard may pass into Standard English in the future, but at this time all of the following non-standard phrases are likely to be marked as incorrect by English teachers or changed by editors if used in a work submitted for publication, where adherence to the conventions of Standard English ...
[10] [8] The term "colloquial" is also equated with "non-standard" at times, in certain contexts and terminological conventions. [11] [12] A colloquial name or familiar name is a name or term commonly used to identify a person or thing in non-specialist language, in place of another usually more formal or technical name. [13]
In another theory, the vernacular language is opposed to the standard language. The non-standard varieties thus defined are dialects, which are to be identified as complexes of factors: "social class, region, ethnicity, situation, and so forth". Both the standard and non-standard languages have dialects, but in contrast to the standard language ...
(informal) non-pedigree cat; alley cat; any cat regardless of pedigree; Morris Minor car; Morgan car Mole grips trade name for (US: Vise-Grips). mong (offensive) stupid person or one with learning difficulties; from Mongol in its sense as an obsolete term for someone with Down syndrome [115] monged (out)
In sociolinguistics, a register is a variety of language used for a particular purpose or particular communicative situation. For example, when speaking officially or in a public setting, an English speaker may be more likely to follow prescriptive norms for formal usage than in a casual setting, for example, by pronouncing words ending in -ing with a velar nasal instead of an alveolar nasal ...
However, in formal speaking contexts, speakers tend to switch to more standard English grammar and vocabulary, usually while retaining elements of the vernacular (non-standard) accent. [5] [6] AAVE is widespread throughout the United States, but is not the native dialect of all African Americans, nor are all of its speakers African American. [7 ...