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The chalumeau (English: / ˈ ʃ æ l ə m oʊ /; French:; plural chalumeaux) is a single-reed woodwind instrument of the late baroque and early classical eras. The chalumeau is a folk instrument that is the predecessor to the modern-day clarinet.
The clarinet's cylindrical bore is the main reason for its distinctive timbre, which varies between the three main registers (the chalumeau, clarion, and altissimo). The A and B ♭ clarinets have nearly the same bore and nearly identical tonal quality, although the A typically has a slightly warmer sound. [9]
The clarinet family is a woodwind instrument family of various sizes and types of clarinets, including the common soprano clarinet in B♭ and A, bass clarinet, and sopranino E♭ clarinet. Clarinets that aren't the standard B♭ or A clarinets are sometimes known as harmony clarinets.
Chalumeau; Clarinet. Piccolo (or sopranino, or octave) clarinet; Sopranino clarinet (including E-flat clarinet) Soprano clarinet; Saxonette; Basset clarinet; Clarinette d'amour; Basset horn; Alto clarinet; Bass clarinet; Contra-alto clarinet (E♭ contrabass clarinet) Contrabass clarinet; Octocontra-alto clarinet; Octocontrabass clarinet ...
On the basis of this passage, Denner has been credited by many with the improvement of the chalumeau and the invention of the clarinet. Despite the words "At the beginning of the current century" he is often said to have developed the clarinet in 1690; there is no evidence for this. [2] In fact, J. C. Denner may have built no clarinets at all.
The xaphoon is similar to the chalumeau, a European keyless single-reed instrument that was the ancestor of the clarinet, and has a comparable range. Although it has a complete chromatic scale, the maker considers it a primarily diatonic instrument, capable of playing well in a small number of keys. [2]