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A horizontal temperature gradient may occur, and hence air density variations, where air velocity changes. An example: the speed of the jet stream is not constant along its length; additionally air temperature and hence density will vary between the air within the jet stream and the air outside. Cirrus clouds often associated with clear-air ...
A classical model for the phugoid period can be simplified to about (0.85 times the speed in knots) seconds, but this only really works for larger aircraft. [ further explanation needed ] Phugoids are often demonstrated to student pilots as an example of the speed stability of the aircraft and the importance of proper trimming.
A variety of models exist for gusts [3] but only two, the Dryden and von Kármán models, are generally used for continuous gusts in flight dynamics applications. [2] [4] Both of these models define gusts in terms of power spectral densities for the linear and angular velocity components parameterized by turbulence length scales and intensities.
Everything you need to know about how turbulence can impact your flight
WHAT IS TURBULENCE? Turbulence or pockets of disturbed air can have many causes, most obviously the unstable weather patterns that trigger storms, according to an industry briefing by planemaker ...
Customers may need to brace themselves for increased air turbulence while flying as severe storms and stronger jet streams driven by climate change could make bumpy rides more frequent. A ...
Aerodynamics (Ancient Greek: ἀήρ aero (air) + Ancient Greek: δυναμική (dynamics)) is the study of the motion of air, particularly when affected by a solid object, such as an airplane wing. [1] It involves topics covered in the field of fluid dynamics and its subfield of gas dynamics, and is an important domain of study in aeronautics.
It appears the Boeing 777-300 encountered clear air turbulence over the Bay of Bengal, south of the southern tip of Myanmar, just before 9am British time. A turn towards Bangkok and a rapid ...