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Advance directives were created in response to the increasing sophistication and prevalence of medical technology. [3] [4] Numerous studies have documented critical deficits in the medical care of the dying; it has been found to be unnecessarily prolonged, [5] painful, [6] expensive, [7] [8] and emotionally burdensome to both patients and their families.
The Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA) was passed by the United States Congress in 1990 as an amendment to the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990.Effective on December 1, 1991, this legislation required many hospitals, nursing homes, home health agencies, hospice providers, health maintenance organizations (HMOs), and other health care institutions to provide information about ...
An individual does not need to have an advance directive to have a POLST form although health care professionals recommend that all competent adults have advance directives in place; this will help healthcare providers shape a more concise medical decision that better reflects the individual's wishes. [24]
When filing an advance directive, an alternate health care agent should be identified. The surrogate decision maker must be a trusted individual that is able to make crucial decisions on behalf of the advance directive client. The advance directive should also indicate specific instructions for when a patient is incapacitated.
Wishes 3, 4, and 5 are unique to Five Wishes, in that they address matters of comfort care, spirituality, forgiveness, and final wishes. Wish 1: "The Person I Want to Make Care Decisions for Me When I Can't" – This section is an assignment of a health care agent (also called proxy, surrogate, representative, or health care power of attorney ...
An advance care directive is a document detailing an individual's health care preferences. This may include personal values and life goals, describe circumstances the person would find unacceptable, identify preferences relating to specific medical interventions, or a combination of these.
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